Associations between Life's Essential 8 and abdominal aortic calcification among US Adults: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular health (CVH) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) are closely linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related mortality. However, the relationship between CVH metrics via Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and AAC remains unexplored. METHODS: The study analyzed data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cohort, which included adults aged 40 or above. The research used the LE8 algorithm to evaluate CVH. Semi-quantitative AAC-24 scoring techniques were employed to assess AAC, categorized into no calcification, mild to moderate calcification, and severe calcification. RESULTS: The primary analysis involved 2,478 participants. Following adjustments for multiple factors, the LE8 score exhibited a significant association with ACC risk (Mild-moderate ACC: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81,0.93; Severe ACC: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69,0.87, all P < 0.001), indicating an almost linear dose-response relationship. Compared to the low CVH group, the moderate CVH group showed lower odds ratios (OR) for mild-moderate and severe calcification (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-0.99, P = 0.041; OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46-0.99, P = 0.047, respectively). Moreover, the high CVH group demonstrated even lower ORs for mild-moderate and severe calcification (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.69, P < 0.001; OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.59, P = 0.001, respectively). Interactions were found between chronic kidney disease (CKD) condition, history of CVD, marital status and CVH metrics to ACC. Participants without CKD exhibited a more pronounced negative association between the CVH metric and both mild-moderate and severe ACC. Those lacking a history of CVD, and never married/widowed/divorced/separated showed a stronger negative association between the CVH metric and severe ACC. CONCLUSIONS: The novel CVH metrics demonstrated an inverse correlation with the risk of AAC. These findings suggest that embracing improved CVH levels may assist in alleviating the burden of ACC.

The Protective Effects of L-Theanine against Epigallocatechin Gallate-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a main bioactive constituent in green tea. Being a redox-active polyphenol, high-dose EGCG exhibits pro-oxidative activity and could cause liver injury. L-theanine is a unique non-protein amino acid in green tea and could provide liver-protective effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of L-theanine on EGCG-induced liver injury and the underlying mechanisms. A total of 300 mg/kg L-theanine was administrated to ICR mice for 7 days. Then, the acute liver injury model was established through intragastric administration of 1000 mg/kg EGCG. Pretreatment with L-theanine significantly alleviated the oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by high-dose EGCG through modulation of Nrf2 signaling and glutathione homeostasis. Furthermore, metabolomic results revealed that L-theanine protects mice from EGCG-induced liver injury mainly through the regulation of amino acid metabolism, especially tryptophan metabolism. These findings could provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic applications of L-theanine and highlight the importance of the interactions between dietary components.

Impact of soluble soybean polysaccharide on the gelatinization and retrogradation of corn starches with different amylose content.

Polysaccharides have a significant impact on the physicochemical properties of starch, and the objective of this study was to examine the effect of incorporating soluble soybean polysaccharide (SSPS) on the gelatinization and retrogradation of corn starches (CS) with varying amylose content. In contrast to high-amylose corn starch (HACS), the degree of gelatinization of waxy corn starch (WCS) and normal corn starch (NCS) decreased with the addition of SSPS. The inclusion of SSPS resulted in reduced swelling power in all CS, and led to a decrease in gel hardness of the starches. The intermolecular forces between SSPS and CS were primarily hydrogen bonding, and a gel network structure was formed, thereby retarding the short-term and long-term retrogradation of CS. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the addition of SSPS in starches led to a loose network structure with larger poles and a reduced ordered structure after retrogradation, as observed from the cross-section of formed gels. These findings suggested that SSPS has great potential for applications in starchy foods, as it can effectively retard both gelatinization and retrogradation of starches.

Improved light and ultraviolet stability of curcumin encapsulated in emulsion gels prepared with corn starch, OSA-starch and whey protein isolate.

The objective of this study was to enhance the bioavailability and stability of curcumin (Cur) by encapsulating it in corn starch (CS)/octenylsuccinic acid modified (OSA)-starch-whey protein isolate (WPI) emulsion gels (EGs). As the volume fraction of the oil phase increased, the droplet size and ζ- potential of the EGs decreased. The encapsulation efficiency and bioavailability of Cur in CS/OSA-starch-WPI EGs with a 60% oil ratio were 96.0% and 67.3%, respectively. The release rate of free fatty acid and the bioavailability of Cur from the EGs after digestion were significantly higher compared to Cur dissolved in oil. EGs with an oil phase volume fraction of 75% and 80% demonstrated greater protection against light irradiation but were less effective against UV irradiation compared to EGs with a 60% oil phase volume fraction. Encapsulation in EGs proved to be an effective method for enhancing the bioavailability and stability of Cur.

Physicochemical properties of a novel chestnut porous starch nanoparticle.

A novel chestnut porous starch nanoparticle (PSNP) was successfully synthesized, combining the properties of starch nanoparticle (SNP) and porous starch. The SNP obtained through ultrasonic and acid hydrolysis, exhibited a smaller particle size (173.9 nm) and a higher specific surface area (SSA) compared to native starch. After the synergistic hydrolysis by α-amylase and glucoamylase, the porous structure appeared on the surface of SNP. The prepared PSNP had a size of 286.3 nm and the highest SSA. In the adsorption experiments, PSNP showed higher capacities for adsorbing water, oil and methylene blue (MB) compared to other samples. The acid and enzymatic treatments resulted in a decrease in the levels of total starch content and amylose ratio. Furthermore, the treatments increased the levels of relative crystallinity (RC) and solubility, while decreasing the short-range ordered structure and swelling ratio at high temperatures. It was observed that the SSA of starch granules positively correlated with the MB and water adsorption capacity (WAC), solubility, and RC. These findings highlight the potential of the novel PSNP as an efficient adsorbent for bioactive substances and dyes.

Correlation between in vitro starch digestibility and starch structure/physicochemical properties in rice.

Natural resistant starch (RS) in rice provides human health benefits, and its concentration in rice is influenced by the structure and physicochemical properties of starch. The native starch structures and physicochemical properties of three rice varieties, QR, BR58, and BR50, and their relationships to in vitro digestibility were studied. The starch granules in all three varieties were irregular or polyhedral in shape. There were a few oval granules and a few pinhole structures in QR, no oval granules but a higher number of pinholes in BR58, and no oval granules and pinholes in BR50. QR is a low-amylose (13.8 %), low-RS (0.2 %) variety. BR58 is a low-amylose (15.3 %), high-RS (6.5 %) variety. BR50 is a high-amylose (26.7 %), high-RS (8.3 %) variety. All three starches exhibited typical A-type diffraction patterns. Starch molecular weight, chain length distribution, starch branching degree, pasting capabilities, and thermal properties differed considerably between the rice starches. The RS contents of the rice starch varieties were positively correlated with AAC, Mw/Mn, Mz/Mn, peak 3, B, PTime, and Tp and negatively correlated with Mn, peak 2, DB, PV, and BD, according to Pearson's correlation analysis. These findings may be helpful for the breeding and development of high-RS rice varieties.

Impact of Whey Protein Isolate and Xanthan Gum on the Functionality and in vitro Digestibility of Raw and Cooked Chestnut Flours.

Due to the limitations of the properties of chestnut flour, its applications have been restricted. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of whey protein isolate (WPI) and xanthan gum (XG) on the functional and digestive properties of chestnut flour, specifically focusing on gel texture, solubility and swelling power, water absorption capacity, freeze-thaw stability and starch digestibility. The addition of both WPI and XG reduced the gel hardness, gumminess and chewiness of the co-gelatinized and physically mixed samples. Furthermore, the inclusion of physically mixed WPI and XG led to an increase in the solubility (from 58.2 to 75.0%) and water absorption capacity (from 3.11 to 5.45 g/g) of chestnut flour. The swelling power of the chestnut flour was inhibited by both additives. WPI was superior to XG at maintaining freeze-thaw stability, by reducing the syneresis from 71.9 to 68.1%. Additionally, WPI and XG contributed to the inhibition of starch hydrolysis in the early stage of digestion, resulting in a lower starch digestibility of chestnut flours. This research provides insights into the interaction mechanisms between WPI, XG, and chestnut flour, offering valuable information for the development of chestnut flour products with enhanced properties.

Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with cardiometabolic syndrome: a national cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the association of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among patients with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). METHODS: We performed a cohort study of 5754 individuals with CMS from the 2001-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models assessed the associations between TyG index and mortality . Non-linear correlations and threshold effects were explored using restricted cubic splines and a two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 107 months, 1201 all-cause deaths occurred, including 398 cardiovascular disease-related deaths. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a positive association between the TyG index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Each one-unit increase in the TyG index was associated with a 16% risk increase in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.16, 95% CI 1.03, 1.31, P = 0.017) and a 39% risk increase in cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.14, 1.71, P = 0.001) after adjusting for confounders. The restricted cubic splines revealed a U-shaped association between the TyG index and all-cause (P for nonlinear < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (P for nonlinear = 0.044), identifying threshold values (all-cause mortality: 9.104; cardiovascular mortality: 8.758). A TyG index below these thresholds displayed a negative association with all-cause mortality (HR: 0.58, 95% CI 0.38, 0.90, P = 0.015) but not with cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.39, 95% CI 0.12, 1.27, P = 0.119). Conversely, a TyG index exceeding these thresholds was positively associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.35, 95% CI 1.17, 1.55, P < 0.001; HR: 1.54, 95% CI 1.25, 1.90, P < 0.001, respectively). Notably, a higher TyG index (≥ threshold values) was significantly associated with increased mortality only among individuals aged under 55 compared to those with a lower TyG index (< threshold values). CONCLUSIONS: The TyG index demonstrated a U-shaped correlation with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with CMS. The thresholds of 9.104 and 8.758 for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively, may be used as intervention targets to reduce the risk of premature death and cardiovascular disease.

Analysis of the effect and influencing factors of EarWell auricle orthosis in the treatment of congenital auricle deformity in children.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of EarWell ear orthosis in treating children with different types of ear deformities. METHODS: We selected 80 children aged <6 weeks with ear deformities (110 ears: 15, 30, 21, 25, and 19 ears with prominent ear, lop ear, cup ear, cryptotia, and helical rim deformity, respectively). Differences in effectiveness rate, treatment time, and incidence of complications among children with different types of auricular deformities were compared. Recurrence rates at 1 and 3 months after the treatment were compared. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 92.73 %, and the treatment effectiveness rate did not differ significantly among the children with different types of auricular malformations (P > 0.05). The correction time of the helical rim deformity was the shortest, and the correction times of the prominent and cup ears were significantly longer than those of the other groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications associated with helical rim deformity and lop ear was lower, and the incidence of prominent and cup ear complications was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The recurrence rate in children with prominent and cup ears was higher at 1 and 3 months after correction, and children with a lop ear and cryptotia showed no recurrence at 1 and 3 months after treatment, which correlated with the correction time, incidence of complications, and recurrence rate (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: The EarWell auricle orthosis is an effective treatment in children with auricular morphological malformations. Correction time, complication rate, and recurrence rate were related to the malformation type.

Impact of molecular structure of starch on the glutinous taste quality of cooked chestnut kernels.

Chestnuts are a starchy food with a characteristic glutinous taste that is often used to assess their quality. In this study, our findings indicated that chestnuts with higher glutinous taste quality had lower amylose content and microcrystalline structures, as well as higher subcrystalline structures and relative crystallinity in both the raw and steamed starches. In the leached starch, chestnuts with higher glutinous taste quality had lower amylopectin B1 chains and microcrystalline structure, but higher amylopectin B2 chains, subcrystalline structure and relative crystallinity. These results suggest that amylose content, relative crystallinity, and amylopectin chain length distribution are important factors determining the glutinous taste quality of chestnuts. To further enhance our understanding of these factors, an sensory evaluation model was developed based on textural profile analysis parameters. This study provides valuable insights into the relationship between molecular structure of starch and the glutinous taste quality of starchy foods.

MRI-based radiomic models to predict surgical margin status and infer tumor immune microenvironment in breast cancer patients with breast-conserving surgery: a multicenter validation study.

OBJECTIVES: Accurate preoperative estimation of the risk of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) resection margin positivity would be beneficial to surgical planning. In this multicenter validation study, we developed an MRI-based radiomic model to predict the surgical margin status. METHODS: We retrospectively collected preoperative breast MRI of patients undergoing BCS from three hospitals (SYMH, n = 296; SYSUCC, n = 131; TSPH, n = 143). Radiomic-based model for risk prediction of the margin positivity was trained on the SYMH patients (7:3 ratio split for the training and testing cohorts), and externally validated in the SYSUCC and TSPH cohorts. The model was able to stratify patients into different subgroups with varied risk of margin positivity. Moreover, we used the immune-radiomic models and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature to infer the distribution patterns of immune cells and tumor cell EMT status under different marginal status. RESULTS: The AUCs of the radiomic-based model were 0.78 (0.66-0.90), 0.88 (0.79-0.96), and 0.76 (0.68-0.84) in the testing cohort and two external validation cohorts, respectively. The actual margin positivity rates ranged between 0-10% and 27.3-87.2% in low-risk and high-risk subgroups, respectively. Positive surgical margin was associated with higher levels of EMT and B cell infiltration in the tumor area, as well as the enrichment of B cells, immature dendritic cells, and neutrophil infiltration in the peritumoral area. CONCLUSIONS: This MRI-based predictive model can be used as a reliable tool to predict the risk of margin positivity of BCS. Tumor immune-microenvironment alteration was associated with surgical margin status. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: This study can assist the pre-operative planning of BCS. Further research on the tumor immune microenvironment of different resection margin states is expected to develop new margin evaluation indicators and decipher the internal mechanism. KEY POINTS: • The MRI-based radiomic prediction model (CSS model) incorporating features extracted from multiple sequences and segments could estimate the margin positivity risk of breast-conserving surgery. • The radiomic score of the CSS model allows risk stratification of patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery, which could assist in surgical planning. • With the help of MRI-based radiomics to estimate the components of the immune microenvironment, for the first time, it is found that the margin status of breast-conserving surgery is associated with the infiltration of immune cells in the microenvironment and the EMT status of breast tumor cells.

In vitro digestibility of starch and protein in cooked wheat and oat whole flours: A comparative study.

Whole grains have garnered significant attention in the food industry due to their retained abundant nutrients when compared to refined grains. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the digestive behavior of starch and protein. This study compared the physicochemical properties and in vitro starch and protein digestibility of cooked whole wheat flour (WF) and naked oat flour (NOF), and evaluated the impact of endogenous components (protein, lipid, ß-glucan, and polyphenol) on the physicochemical properties and digestibility of WF and NOF. The result indicated that the final hydrolysis rate of WF samples (starch: 23.2 %∼46.3 %; protein: 23.1 %∼63.0 %) was lower than that of NOF samples (starch: 32.1 %∼61.0 %; protein: 32.3 %∼63.6 %). The removal of different endogenous components led to improved digestibility of starch and protein in both WF and NOF. This study contributes to the understanding of the starch and protein digestibility of whole grains, consequently facilitating the development of whole grain products.

Machine learning radiomics of magnetic resonance imaging predicts recurrence-free survival after surgery and correlation of LncRNAs in patients with breast cancer: a multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have indicated that magnetic resonance imaging radiomics can predict survival in patients with breast cancer, but the potential biological underpinning remains indistinct. Herein, we aim to develop an interpretable deep-learning-based network for classifying recurrence risk and revealing the potential biological mechanisms. METHODS: In this multicenter study, 1113 nonmetastatic invasive breast cancer patients were included, and were divided into the training cohort (n = 698), the validation cohort (n = 171), and the testing cohort (n = 244). The Radiomic DeepSurv Net (RDeepNet) model was constructed using the Cox proportional hazards deep neural network DeepSurv for predicting individual recurrence risk. RNA-sequencing was performed to explore the association between radiomics and tumor microenvironment. Correlation and variance analyses were conducted to examine changes of radiomics among patients with different therapeutic responses and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The association and quantitative relation of radiomics and epigenetic molecular characteristics were further analyzed to reveal the mechanisms of radiomics. RESULTS: The RDeepNet model showed a significant association with recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR 0.03, 95% CI 0.02-0.06, P < 0.001) and achieved AUCs of 0.98, 0.94, and 0.92 for 1-, 2-, and 3-year RFS, respectively. In the validation and testing cohorts, the RDeepNet model could also clarify patients into high- and low-risk groups, and demonstrated AUCs of 0.91 and 0.94 for 3-year RFS, respectively. Radiomic features displayed differential expression between the two risk groups. Furthermore, the generalizability of RDeepNet model was confirmed across different molecular subtypes and patient populations with different therapy regimens (All P < 0.001). The study also identified variations in radiomic features among patients with diverse therapeutic responses and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Importantly, a significant correlation between radiomics and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was discovered. A key lncRNA was found to be noninvasively quantified by a deep learning-based radiomics prediction model with AUCs of 0.79 in the training cohort and 0.77 in the testing cohort. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that machine learning radiomics of MRI can effectively predict RFS after surgery in patients with breast cancer, and highlights the feasibility of non-invasive quantification of lncRNAs using radiomics, which indicates the potential of radiomics in guiding treatment decisions.

A new approach for sensitivity analysis of the StormWater Management Model applied in an airport.

Sensitivity analysis of urban flood model parameters is important for efficient and accurate flood simulation. In order to explore the problems of large sampling parameters and nonlinear correlation between input and output variables, this paper proposed a new correlation analysis approach. The type, strength, and the order of sensitive parameters to the four outputs are analyzed using the proposed approach. The results show that the R values of Manning-N are biggest, its distribution is linear in heat maps, and the Manning-N has a strong linear correlation with Average Depth, Hour of Maximum Flooding, and Time to Peak. For Average Depth, the second sensitive parameter is Conductivity. For Hour of Maximum Flooding, the second and third more sensitive parameters are Conductivity and N-perv; however, there are certain nonlinear correlations from heat maps. For Total Inflow, the R values of each parameter are between 0.021 and 0.534. Most sensitive parameters are none; however, the more sensitive parameters are Conductivity, N-perv, and initial deficit. For Time to Peak, the second and third more sensitive parameters are N-perv and N-Imperv; however, there are certain non-linear correlations from heat maps. The results can provide theoretical guidance for application and parameter calibration of SWMM in airport.

Recent advances and prospects of metal-organic frameworks in cancer therapies.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been broadly applied in biomedical and other fields. MOFs have high porosity, a large comparative area, and good biostability and have attracted significant attention, especially in cancer therapies. This paper presents the latest applications of MOFs in chemodynamic therapy (CDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), immunotherapy (IT), and combination therapy for breast cancer. A combination therapy is the combination of two different treatment modalities, such as CDT and PDT combination therapy, and is considered more effective than separate therapies. Herein, we have also discussed the advantages and disadvantages of combination therapy in the treatment of breast cancer. This paper aims to illustrate the potential of MOFs in new cancer therapeutic approaches, discuss their potential advantages, and provide some reflections on the latest research results.

Safe and Effective Blood Preservation Through Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution and Low-Dose Tranexamic Acid in Open Partial Hepatectomy.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) and acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) in minimizing blood loss during open partial liver resection. Coagulation function was assessed using thromboelastography (TEG) and hemostasis tests, while renal function changes were tracked through serum creatinine values post-surgery. Methods: Thirty patients undergoing open partial liver resection were allocated to two groups: Group T received TXA + ANH, and Group A received ANH alone. Blood was drawn from the radial artery under general anesthesia. Both groups received peripheral vein injections of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4. Group T additionally received intravenous TXA. Primary outcomes included blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusions. TEG assessed coagulation status and renal function was monitored. Results: Group T demonstrated superior outcomes compared to Group A. Group T had significantly lower intraoperative blood loss (700 mL vs 1200 mL) and a lower bleeding rate per kilogram of body weight (13.3 mL/kg vs 20.4 mL/kg). Coagulation parameters favored Group T, with higher TEG maximum amplitude (55.91 mm vs 45.88 mm) and lower activated partial thromboplastin time (38.04 seconds vs 41.49 seconds). Neither group experienced acute renal injury or kidney function deficiency during hospitalization. Conclusion: TXA and ANH in a small dose during liver resection stabilize clotting, reduce blood loss by 6% compared to hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4, and do not affect renal function.

Beauvericin suppresses the proliferation and pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma by selectively inhibiting TGFBR2 pathway.

Osteosarcoma (OS) patients, particularly those with distant metastasis, experience rapid progression and derive poor survival benefits from traditional therapies. Currently, effective drugs for treating patients with metastatic OS remain scarce. Here, we found that the cyclic hexadepsipeptide beauvericin (BEA) functioned as a new selective TGFBR2 inhibitor with potent antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities against OS cells. Functionally, BEA inhibited TGF-ß signaling-mediated proliferation, invasiveness, mesenchymal phenotype, and extracellular matrix remodeling of OS cells, and suppressed tumor growth and reduced pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigation revealed that BEA selectively and directly bound to Asn 332 of TGFBR2 and inhibited its kinase activity, thereby suppressing the aggressive progression of OS cells. Together, our study identifies an innovative and natural selective TGFBR2 inhibitor with effective antineoplastic activity against metastatic OS and demonstrates that targeting TGFBR2 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for metastatic OS.

Surface Oxygen Species in Metal Oxide Photoanodes for Solar Energy Conversion.

Converting and storing solar energy directly as chemical energy through photoelectrochemical devices are promising strategies to replace fossil fuels. Metal oxides are commonly used as photoanode materials, but they still encounter challenges such as limited light absorption, inefficient charge separation, sluggish surface reactions, and insufficient stability. The regulation of surface oxygen species on metal oxide photoanodes has emerged as a critical strategy to modulate molecular and charge dynamics at the reaction interface. However, the precise role of surface oxygen species in metal oxide photoanodes remains ambiguous. The review focuses on elucidating the formation and regulation mechanisms of various surface oxygen species in metal oxides, their advantages and disadvantages in photoelectrochemical reactions, and the characterization methods employed to investigate them. Additionally, the article discusses emerging opportunities and potential hurdles in the regulation of surface oxygen species. By shedding light on the significance of surface oxygen species, this review aims to advance our understanding of their impact on metal oxide photoanodes, paving the way for the design of more efficient and stable photoelectrochemical devices.

A 3D stacked corrugated pore structure composed of CoNiO2 and polyaniline within the tracheids of wood-derived carbon for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors.

A novel 3D stacked corrugated pore structure of polyaniline (PANI)/CoNiO2@activated wood-derived carbon (AWC) has been successfully constructed to prepare high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. AWC functions as a supporting framework that provides ample attachment sites for the loaded active materials. The CoNiO2 nanowire substrate, consisting of 3D stacked pores, not only serves as a template for subsequent PANI loading, but also acts as an effective buffer to mitigate the volume expansion of the PANI during ionic intercalation. The distinctive corrugated pore structure of PANI/CoNiO2@AWC facilitates electrolyte contact and significantly enhances the electrode material properties. The PANI/CoNiO2@AWC composite materials exhibit excellent performance (14.31F cm-2 at 5 mA cm-2) and superior capacitance retention (80% from 5 to 30 mA cm-2), owing to the synergistic effect among their components. Finally, PANI/CoNiO2@ AWC//reduced graphene oxide (rGO)@AWC asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled, which has a wide operating voltage (0 âˆ¼ 1.8 V), high energy density (4.95 mWh cm-3 at 26.44 mW cm-3) and cycling stability (90.96% after 7000 cycles).